NAME SAMEEN OMOLOLA. O Essays - Geography Of Africa, Kipande, World

NAME: SAMEEN OMOLOLA. O DEPT: HISTORY COURSE CODE: HIS 208 COURSE TITLE: HISTORY OF EAST AND CENTRAL AFRICA IN THE 20 TH CENTURY MATRIC NO: HIS/2014/111 QUESTION: WHAT WOULD YOU REPAID AS THE MAJOR GRIEVANCE DURING THE COLONIAL RULE IN EAST AND CENTRAL AFRICA TO BE SUBMITED TO: DR Central Africa, region of Africa that straddles the equator and is drained largely by the Congo River system. East Africa is an area in African great lakes occupying roughly the same terrain as present-day Kenya from the Indian Ocean inland to Uganda and the Great Rift Valley . The countries of east and central Africa are Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea , Ethiopia , Kenya, Madagascar, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan , Uganda, Burundi, Burkina Faso , Cape Verde , cote d'lvoire , Chad, Congo, guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, Sao Tome, and Principe. The colonialisation of east and central Africa can be dated back to 18 th century as s o me part were colonized by Britain, some by Portugal, Germany, Belgium and so on. Burundi was colonized by Germany and Belgium , Mozambique by Portugal, Kenya colonialism lasted roughly 68years, from the end of the 19 th century until Kenya's independence from Great Britain in 196 3. East and central Africa's precapitalist forms of production were subjected to a historic break in their autonomous development; in the terminology of the time they were literally opened up'. They became part - economies, externally oriented to suit the dynamic of a capitalism which has been imposed upon them from outside. East Africa's pre-colonial relations with the global economy had been based too exclu sively on the production of two rapidly wasting assets, slaves and ivory. In the inland area which became the hub of Kenya there had barely been an exportable surplus at all when, suddenly, in the first decade of the twentieth beyond all p revious experience by the demands of colonial rule and, concurrently, by the opportunities of the commodity boom, itself in part created by the political and capital investments with which the imperial powers competed for preferential access to markets and resources. The British used five main policies to secure and control African labor. First, it established African reserves , "eventually with official boundaries where each African ethnic group in the colony was expected to separately." As Africans lacked sufficient land in their reserves, they "had little choice but to migrate to the European farms in search of work." Or, stated another way, "through the initial act of alienating land to settlers, the colonial state deprived some Africans of their means of production and laid the basis for the entry of Africans in ever-increasing numbers into the wage labor force. Second, they imposed taxes. The government imposed a hut tax and a poll tax, "together amounting to nearly twenty-five shillings, the equivalent of almost two months of African wages at the local rate." The taxation was a double edged sword: it encouraged peasant commodity production increased precisely in those regions from where the colonial state and capital expected to draw their labor, namely the central and Nyanja provinces. Thus, to keep Africans from competing with British farmers, the government imposed the third means of "encouraging African" labor; forbidding them to grow the most profitable cash crops (coffee, tea, and sisal). It was not actually illegal for Kenyans to grow coffee, but coffee growers needed a license and it was very difficult for Kenyans to obtain a license. Fourth, was forced labor, "Forced or compulsory labor was widely used and became institutionalized during the first few decades of colonial rule in Kenya. This was a period when massive supplies of labor were required to lay the very foundations of the colonial economy: rail lines and roads had to be built; damns and bridges constructed, administrative centers erected, and forests cleared and settler farms established... forced labor inevitably becam e the most reliable means of se curing labor. Few government officials or settlers even questioned the need for some form of labor coercion. For many it w as even an act of benevolence, a necessary shock therapy' for people deeply mired in idleness and indolence . Fifth, with thousands of k ikuyu migrating to look for wor k,

AP Lit Essay Samples - How to Get the Most Out of Them

AP Lit Essay Samples - How to Get the Most Out of ThemIf you are a student who is just beginning your AP Lit essay writing career, you will be happy to know that there are many AP Lit essay samples that you can use for a variety of reasons. Students who are first-time essay writers should try to use these samples in order to help them hone their skills.In terms of materials, you may be surprised to learn that you don't have to borrow specific text books or even purchase them. This is an option that many college students choose when they want to save money on their studies. It's important to note, however, that if you choose to do this, you should make sure that you make the most of every opportunity that you are given.Another option that you may be interested in exploring is the ability to get your AP Lit essays online. It has never been easier to do so these days because of the explosion of software and online research resources. There are a number of websites that offer practice te sts and other tools that will help you better understand the parts of the essay that you need to work on.As with all resources, you will need to make sure that you utilize the best ones for practice. Some of the resources that you can use include online essays that you can read as you write. You may also be able to take online practice tests before you actually write your own. In some cases, it may even be possible to get online practice assignments or quizzes that you can complete in order to help you improve.Online practice is always a great way to test your skills and ensure that you are improving each time you take a stab at the assignment. By working online, you can keep yourself in the flow of the process. However, don't be tempted to use your online resources as a replacement for a real essay.Your paper shouldn't necessarily be longer than you need it to be. The best results will come from writing about what you know and not necessarily what you don't know. Since so much of y our essay will focus on your personal experiences, it's best to stick to your topic to begin with.The key to using AP Lit essay samples for better results is to make sure that you practice. Write for a few minutes each day to make sure that you are developing your skills and honing your writing skills. You will be glad that you took the time to learn how to write an essay online.The whole point of doing your homework and doing it well is to hone your skills for the essay writing that you are going to be doing on a regular basis. By taking advantage of the resources that are available to you, you will find that your future paper writing is much more productive. Take the time to find out exactly how to use essay writing samples to your advantage!